{"id":6762,"date":"2021-05-19T10:58:47","date_gmt":"2021-05-19T08:58:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/2021\/05\/19\/moire\/"},"modified":"2022-10-11T11:20:59","modified_gmt":"2022-10-11T09:20:59","slug":"moire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/2021\/05\/19\/moire\/","title":{"rendered":"Moir\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 120%;\">When digitising, you might have come across strange rainbow patterns. These patterns are known as moir\u00e9 (from French moir\u00e9 [mwa\u02c8\u0280e], &#8220;moir\u00e9, marbled&#8221;) and can cause many headaches. In this article, we will look at what moir\u00e9 is and what causes it.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1626767909\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1494323009\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 120%;\">The moir\u00e9 effect occurs when the item being captured contains a detailed pattern that does not play along with the pattern of the imaging sensor. With two separate patterns overlaid on top of each other, a third, false pattern emerges in the form of &#8216;moir\u00e9 pattern&#8217;.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1375248070\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1268508343\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1268508343 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 75%;\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Moir%C3%A9.gif\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> Copyright: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_domain\">Public Domain<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-725551229\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1672533250\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 120%;\">The moir\u00e9 effect can be clearly seen in the image below: The periodic structures of the sensor are superimposed on those of the brick pattern on the building, forming a peculiar striped pattern.<br><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 75%;\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Schlo%C3%9F_L%C3%B6tzen_mit_Drehbr%C3%BCcke.JPG\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> (unchanged) Schlo\u00df L\u00f6tzen mit Drehbr\u00fccke im April 2012 Copyright: Colin Pelka <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_domain\">Public Domain<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_837883201\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_837883201 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1279644514\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-293231013\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_435760942\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_435760942 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 75%;\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:1904MaudsleyPetrolLocomotive.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> (unchanged) Copyright: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_domain\">Public Domain<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1308600612\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 120%;\">The moir\u00e9 effect also often is a challenge when digitising newspapers since in newspaper production halftone used for photos to be printed, especially on more absorbent papers like newsprint. Since ink on newsprint dries by absorption, photos are made of varying size dots in a coarse pattern. When you made an image of the halftone image, the conflicting dot patterns resulted in a moir\u00e9 pattern.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 120%;\">How to avoid the moir\u00e9 effect:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 120%;\">Sometimes it is already sufficient to slightly change the position or angle of the original on the scanning surface to reduce moir\u00e9. However, nowadays most image sensors are equipped with <strong>low-pass filters to filter out certain interfering components in the image signal and to block excessive spatial frequencies<\/strong> for the sensor.This low-pass filtering can either be implemented using an optical component in the beam path or can be achieved through electronic signal post-processing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 120%;\"><strong>Another way to reduce moir\u00e9 is so-called oversampling.<\/strong> The number of pixels is increased compared to the resolution of the output image. This increases the sampling frequency, so to speak, so that there are fewer artifacts and the limit frequency of the sensor is higher than the smallest displayable element.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1408736714\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-635822780\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-879545519\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-879545519 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h3 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Related Topics<\/span><b><\/b><\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n  \n    <div class=\"row large-columns-3 medium-columns-1 small-columns-1 has-shadow row-box-shadow-2 row-box-shadow-5-hover slider row-slider slider-nav-reveal slider-nav-push\"  data-flickity-options='{&quot;imagesLoaded&quot;: true, &quot;groupCells&quot;: &quot;100%&quot;, &quot;dragThreshold&quot; : 5, &quot;cellAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,&quot;wrapAround&quot;: true,&quot;prevNextButtons&quot;: true,&quot;percentPosition&quot;: true,&quot;pageDots&quot;: false, &quot;rightToLeft&quot;: false, &quot;autoPlay&quot; : false}' >\n\n  <div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-normal box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-left\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/2021\/05\/17\/image-sensor-ccd-versus-cmos\/\" class=\"plain\">Image sensor \/ CMOS versus CCD<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThere are two types of image sensors for industrial cameras on [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/2021\/05\/17\/image-sensor-ccd-versus-cmos\/\" class=\"button  is-underline is-large mb-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tREAD MORE\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-normal box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-left\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/2021\/05\/11\/bayer-matrix-bayer-sensor\/\" class=\"plain\">Bayer Matrix (Bayer Sensor)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Bayer matrix is the spatial arrangement of the red, green [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/2021\/05\/11\/bayer-matrix-bayer-sensor\/\" class=\"button  is-underline is-large mb-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tREAD MORE\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"col post-item\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box box-normal box-text-bottom box-blog-post has-hover\">\n          \t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text text-left\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-text-inner blog-post-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title is-large \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/2021\/09\/09\/megapixel\/\" class=\"plain\">Megapixel<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"is-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"from_the_blog_excerpt \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThe term megapixel comes from the field of digital photography and [...]\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/2021\/09\/09\/megapixel\/\" class=\"button  is-underline is-large mb-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tREAD MORE\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The moir\u00e9 effect occurs when the item being captured contains a detailed pattern that does not play along with the pattern of the imaging sensor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[279,294],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-glossary","category-m-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6762"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6762\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19379,"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6762\/revisions\/19379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book2net.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}